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) .

1. Civil law govern s relations between individuals. .
Governs - 3- to govern Present Indefinite.
2. Fraud costs North American consumer s billions of dollars per year. () .
Consumers - a consumer .
3. The salesperson makes sure that the customer s signature on their bank card. .
customers s .
4. Carefully read all forms on contract s and before signing. .
Contracts - a contract , .

II. , , , :

1. The following financial institutions operate in Russia: banks, currency exchanges, security companies, insurance companies and travel agents. : , , , .
Currency Security
2. Consumer frauds have spread worldwide. .
Consumer
3. The StateSecurity Service is concerned with the secret activities of foreign states operating in France. , .
State Security
4. The Identification Divisions on FBI was founded in 1924. 1924 .
Identification

 

III. , . :

1. The United Kingdom Parliament has full power to pass such laws. .
Has Present Simple Active to have.
2. The agent in the Bahamas gave very precise information. .
Gave Past Simple Active to give.
3. This students desire to become a lawyer is so great that he will do his best to study well. , , , .
Is Present Simple Active to be. Will do Future Simple Active to do.
4. Nowadays more and more people violate the safety traffic rules. .
Violate - Present Simple Active to violate.

VI. :

1. A solicitor is a lawyer who gives legal advice to his or her clients and may sometimes represent them in court. , .
2. Greenpeace is the name of an ecology group which is based in Britain ( ) , .
3. A debtor is a person or a business that owes money, goods or services to another. , , .
4. Sergey Kovalev who was the first human rights adviser to the President of Russia is a well known political figure in Russia. , , .

V. :

THE UK STATE SYSTEM

The official name for the country whose language we study is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The country comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, and is situated on the British Isles.

The UK is parliamentary monarchy. This means that it has a monarch (a king or a queen) as its Head of State. The UK is a monarchy in form and parliamentary democracy in substance. The powers of the monarch are limited by Parliament. Parliament is a supreme legislative body. The British Parliament is one of the oldest parliaments in the world. It was founded in 1265. It consists of two chambers known as the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The main function of Parliament is to make laws regulating the life of the community and relating to any aspect of political, economic, legal, social and cultural life of the United Kingdom as a whole, or to any of its constituent parts.

The House of Lords is non-elected chamber which now consists of about 500 members.

The elective House of Commons consists of 650 Members of Parliament (MPs). Parliamentary elections are held every five years on the basis of universal suffrage and secret ballot. All citizens of the UK over the age of 18 have the right to vote.

The British Parliamentary system depends on political parties. It is the political parties that choose candidates in elections. There are currently two main parties the Labour Party and the Conservative Party. The party which wins the majority of seats forms the Government and its leader usually becomes Prime Minister. The Prime Minister choses about 20 MPs from his/her party to become the Cabinet. The second largest party becomes so the official Opposition with its own leader and Shadow Cabinet.

So, executive power in the UK belongs to the Government which consists of the Cabinet and the other Ministers. The Government includes about a hundred politicians under the Prime Minister appointed to their offices, as ministers by the Queen (King) on her/his advice. The Cabinet consists of about twenty senior ministers and deals with the main lines of policy, exercises control of the executive and coordinates the work and politics of various ministers. The meetings of the Cabinet are usually held at 10...

 



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