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I II , , .

He coming very late, we had to stay at home. () , .

This done, we decided to have a rest. , .

 

.

This being done, they left with light hearts. , () .

And still she sat there, her hands lying loosely in front of her.

, .

 

12, 13. 12, 13 Complex Object ( ).

Complex Object (me, us, you, them, him, her, it) . ( , , ):

I want him to help me. , .

What do I want him to do?

The boy did not want his friend to be laughed at. , .

, , , , , , : to see, to watch, to notice, to hear, to feel, to want, to wish, to command, to request, to allow, to permit, to let somebody to do something .. , to see, to hear, to let to:

The teacher let me go out of the classroom. , .

I saw him cross the street. ,

.

She heard her sister play the piano in the next room. , .
I have seen (watched) police-women in London regulate traf-

 

fic. (), - .
I have heard him interrogate the witness. , .
I saw the man cross the street. , .

I (Present Participle). , ( ).

:

He fell off the wall. . I saw this. . I saw him fall off the wall. , .

He was walking along the street. . I saw this when I drove past in my car. , . I saw him walking along the street. , .

 

14. 14 (Past Perfect).

Past Perfect - , have Past Indefinite (.. had) (Past Participle) .

1 I had asked We had asked

2 You had asked You had asked

3 He (she) had asked They had asked

Past Perfect had , .

1 Had I asked? Had we asked?

2 Had you asked? Had you asked?

3 Had he (she) asked? Had they asked?

not, .

1 I had not asked We had not asked

2 You had not asked You had not asked

3 He (she) had not asked They had not asked

:

I (We, You, They, He, She, It) had done it by 5 o'clock yesterday. (,...) 5 .

Had I (we, you, they, he, she, It) done it...?

I (We, You, They, He, She, It) hadn't done it....

 

. :
  , - by - . , Past Simple.
by... o'clock - ... ; by the 7th of June - 7 ; by the end of the week - .. yesterday till... - .. before - ;
Yesterday by 4 o'clock I had written the record of interrogation. 4 () .   I had written the record of interrogation before the chief came. () , .

 

Past Perfect "" . , - .

Past Perfect . - Past Indefinite (Simple), , .. , , Past Perfect.

He thanked me for what I had done for him. , . : thanked - , had done - .

 

15. 15 - Future Perfect - , to have Future Indefinite (Simple) (Past Participle) .

1 I shall/will have asked We shall/will have asked

2 You will have asked You will have asked

3 He (she) will have asked They will have asked

Future Perfect (shall will) , - .

o

1 Shall/will I have asked? Shall/will we have asked?

2 Will you have asked? Will you have asked?

3 Will he(she) have asked? Will they have asked?

1 I shall/will not have asked. We shall/will not have

asked.

2 You will not have asked. You will not have asked.

3 He (she) will not asked. They will not have asked.

I (you, he, she, we, they) 'll have done it by 5 o'clock tomorrow.

(, , , , ) 5 .

Shall (will) I (you, he, she, we, they) have done it...?

I (you, he, she, we, they) shan't (won't) have done it by 5 o'clock tomorrow.

I' ll have finished the article by this time next Tuesday.

.

Future Perfect , . .

Future Perfect , , .

 

, , :
  , - by - . , Present Simple.
- by... o'clock - ... ; by the 7th of June - 7 ; by the end of the week - .. Tomorrow till... ...; before - ; ..
I'll have written the record of interrogation by 4 o'clock tomorrow. 4 () . I'll have written the record of interrogation before the chief comes. .

 

16. 16 (Sequence of Tenses).

- .

, .

. , Past Indefinite Past Conti-nuous:

He said that they were fixing a car. , .

I thought that they went there very often. , .

I didnt know you spoke English. , -.

 

. , Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous:

He was told that they had left. , .

We knew that they had been working in the garden since early morning. , .

I knew that she had been studying at the Institute for about three years.
, .

, , .

 

. , .. , future-in-the-past ( ). shall should, will - would.

They knew that I should wait for them. , .

He said he would post the letter himself. , .

The man said he would go and consult his chief. , .

She made me promise I would tell nobody about it. , .

 

:

1. , :

 

The children learnt at the lesson that the Sun rotates around its axis. , .

2. must , - :

She said, We must hurry. She said we must hurry.

17-19. 17, 18 19 (Reported speech).

(Direct Speech) c (. ):





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