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- , . , -, , . - . : . , , . .

 

 

 

 

Daniel Goleman, Destructive Emotions (New York: Bantam Books, 2003).

 

 

His works include The Monk and the Philosopher: A Father and Son Discuss the Meaning of Life (New York: Schocken Books, 1999), by Ricard's father, Jean-Francois Revel, and Ricard; Happiness: A Guide to Developing Life's Most Important Skill (New York: Little, Brown, 2006), by Ricard; and Ricard's books of photography.

 

 

Paul Ekman, Wallace V Friesen, and Ronald C. Simons, Is the Startle Reaction an Emotion? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol 4995 (1985): 1416-26.

 

 

, , , Marin , , .

 

 

, , -, paulekman.com

 

 

Paul Ekman. Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life (New York: Owl Books, 2007).

 

 

Ibid., pp. 3940.

 

 

See E, Diener, Subjective Well-Being: The Science of Happiness and a Proposal for a National Index, American Psychologist, 55 (2000): 3443; D. G. Myer, The Funds, Friends, and Faith of Happy People, American Psychologist, 55 (2000): 5667.

 

 

Dalai Lama, The Universe in a Single Atom (New York: Broadway Books, 2005).

 

 

Helena Cronin, The Ant and the Peacock: Altruism and Sex Selection from Darwin to Today (London: Cambridge University Press, 1991)

 

 

Oliver Curry, Morality as Natural History: An Adaptionist Account of Ethics, unpublished dissertation, London School of Economics, 2005.

 

 

B. Alan Wallace, Contemplative Science: Where Buddhism and Neuroscience Converge (New York: Columbia University Press, 2007).

 

 

Paul Ekman. Richard J. Davidson, Matthieu Ricard, and B. Alan Wallace, Buddhist and Psychological Perspectives on Emotions and WeilBeing, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, no. 2 (2005): 5963.

 

 

Paul Ekman, All Emotions Are Basic, in Paul Ekman and Richard J. Davidson, eds., The Nature of Emotion (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994).

 

 

See chapter 4 in Emotions Revealed for a fuller discussion of this matter. Paul Ekman, Emotions Revealed, rev. ed. (New York: Owl Books, 2007).

 

 

.

 

 

Personal communication from Steven Souci, National Institute of Mental Health, 1980.

 

 

First reported in Paul Ekman, Robert W Levenson, and Wallace V Friesen, Autonomic, Nervous System Activity Distinguishes Between Emotions, Science, 221 (1983): 1208-10.

 

 

Described in Daniel G. Freedman, Human Sociobiology: A Holistic Approach (New York: Free Press, 1979), and Daniel G, Freedman, Human Infancy: An Evolutionary Perspective (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1975).

 

 

Emotional Profiles, http://www.paulekman.com.

 

 

Dalai Lama, The Universe in a Single Atom: The Convergence of Science and Spirituality (New York: Broadway Books, 2005), p. 178.

 

 

Thich Nhat Hanh, The Miracle of Mindfulness (Boston: Beacon Press, 1975). P 14-

 

 

Jon Kabat-Zinn, Coming to Our Senses: Healing Ourselves and the World Through Mindfulness (London: Piatkus Books, 2005). P. 108.

 

 

Jack Kornfield, Finding My Religion, San Francisco Chronicle, November 28,2005.

 

 

Nyanaponika Thera, The Heart of Buddhist Meditation (York Beach, Me.: Samuel Weiser, 1988). Originally published 1956.

 

 

Mindfulness: The Heart of Buddhist Meditation? A Conversation with Jan Chozen Bays, Joseph Goldstein, Jon Kabat-Zinn, and Alan Wallace, Inquiring Mind: A Semiannual Journal of the Vipassana Community, 22, no. 2 (Spring 2006): 5.

 

 

Bhikkhu Bodhi, ed., A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma: The Abidhammattha Sangaha (Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society, 1993). P. 86.

 

 

Thera, Heart of Buddhist Meditation, p. 9.

 

 

Ibid.

 

 

Ibid., p. 6.

 

 

Paul Ekman, Telling Lies, rev. ed. (New York: W. W. Norton, 2002).

 

 

Paul Ekman, Robert W Levenson, and Wallace Friesen, Autonomic Nervous System Activity Distinguishes Between Emotions, Science, 221 (1983): 1208-10; Robert W. Levenson, Paul Ekman, and Wallace Friesen, Voluntary Facial Action Generates Emotion-specific Autonomic Nervous System Activity, Psychophysiology, 27 (1990): 363-84; Paul Ekman and Richard J. Davidson, Voluntary Smiling Changes Regional Brain Activity, Psychological Science, 4 (1993): 342-45.

 

 

Paul Ekman, Emotions Revealed, rev. ed. (New York: Owl Books, 2007), p. 39.

 

 

Harry Stack Sullivan, Interpersonal Psychiatry (New York: W W Norton, 1953).

 

 

Kunzang Pelden, The Nectar of Manjushris Speech: A Detailed Commentary on Shantidevafs Way of the Bodhisattva, translated by Padmakara Translation Group (Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2007), chapter 4.

 

 

Silvan S. Tomkins, Affect, Imagery, Consciousness (New York: Springer, 19621963).

 

 

. . Kemeny . Foltz, P. Ekman, and P. Jennings, Contemplative / Emotion Training Improves Emotional Life (in press).

 

 

The psychologist John Gottman discovered this. See L. L. Carstensen, J. M. Gottman, and R. W Levenson, Emotional Behavior in Long-Term Marriage, Psychology and Aging, 10, no. 1 (1995): 140-49.

 

 

Shanti Deva, A Guide to the Boddhisattva Way of Life, translated by Vesna A. Wallace and B. Alan Wallace (Ithaca, N.Y.: Snow Lion Publications, 1997).

 

 

An example of this can be seen in Heleen A. Slagter, Antoine Lutz, Lawrence L. Greischar, et al., Mental Training Affects Distribution of Limited Brain Resources, PLoS Biology, 5, no. 6 (2007): e138, doi:io.i37i/journal.pbio.0050138.

 

 

The Dalai Lama and Victor Chan, The Wisdom of Forgiveness: Intimate Journeys and Conversations (New York: Riverhead Books, 2004), p. no.

 

 

Stone Mountain Zendo, http://www.stonemountainzendo.org/textsbodhisattva.html.

 

 

Geshe Sonam Rinchen, The Bodhisattva Vow, translated and edited by Ruth Sonam (Ithaca, N.Y.: Snow Lion Publications, 2000).

 

 

.

 

 

Emotion researchers do not completely agree about the definition of anger. I have theorized that anger is triggered by a perceived block to a desired goal that may or may not involve a wish to harm the person responsible for the obstacle.

 

 

Arne Ohman, Fear and Anxiety as Emotional Phenomena: Clinical Phenomenology, Evolutionary Perspectives, and Information Processing, in M. Lewis and J. Haviland, eds., The Handbook of Emotions (New York: Guilford Press, 1993), pp. 511-36.

 

 

This change in view occurred between March and June 2007.

 

 

Paul Ekman, Emotions Revealed (New York: Owl Books, 2007), p. 119.

 

 

This is an extension of work reported in an article by Tania Singer, Ben Seymour, John O'Dogherty, et al., Empathic Neural Responses Are Modulated by the Perceived Fairness of Others, Nature, 4396 (January 26, 2006): 466-69.

 

 

Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1871), p. 77.

 

 

Frans . M. de Waal, On the Possibility of Animal Empathy. Feelings and Emotions: The Amsterdam Symposium, Studies in Emotion and Social Interaction (2004): 381401.

 

 

, , .

 

 

Darwin, Descent of Man, p. 492.

 

 

Charles Darwin, The Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals, 3rd ed., Paul Ekman, ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998). Originally published 1872.

 

 

De Waal is referring to Dale J. Langford, Sara E. Crager, et al., Social Modulation of Pain as Evidence for Empathy in Mice, Science, 312, no. 5782 (June 30, 2006): 1967. For an overview, see McGill University, New Pain Research Shows Mice Capable of Empathy, ScienceDaily, June 30, 2006, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/ 2006/06/060630100140.htm

 

 

Frans . M. de Waal, Primates and Philosophers: How Morality Evolved (Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 2006).

 

 

Ibid.

 

 

For recent reviews see Shauna Shapiro and W. Alan Wallace, Mental Balance Weil-Being: Building Bridges Between Buddhism and Western Psychology, American Psychologist, 61, no. 7 (October 2006): 690701; and Roger Walsh and Shauna Shapiro, The Meeting of Meditative Disciplines and Western Psychology: A Mutually Enriching Dialogue, American Psychologist, 61, no. 3 (April 2006): 227-39.

 

 

Unpublished study.

 

 

(10541153) :

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D. A. Clark and . . Beck, Scientific Foundation of Cognitive Theory and Theory of Depression (New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1999).

 

 

Kristen Renwick Monroe, The Heart of Altruism: Perceptions of a Common Humanity (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996).

 

 

The MicroExpression Training Tool and the Subtle Expression Training Tool quickly teach people to be more aware of how another person is feeling. For individuals interested in training in this technique, online interactive training is available at www.paulekman.com

 

 

Erika L. Rosenberg and Paul Ekman, Coherence Between Expressive and Experiential Systems in Emotion, in Paul Ekman and Erika L. Rosenberg, eds., What the Face Reveals: Basic and Applied Studies of Spontaneous Expression Using the Facial Action Coding Systems (FACS) (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), pp. 6388.

 

 

Victor Chan and others are attempting to develop mind-training gyms.

 

 

From the conference, Growing, Suffering and Choice: Spiritual and Scientific Exploration of Human Experience, held November 5, 2005, at the Stanford School of Medicine, presenting His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama, and moderated by Dr. William Mobley. See also Mark Williams, Zindel Segal, and Jon Kabat-Zinn, The Mindful Way Through Depression: Freeing Yourself from Chronic Unhappiness (New York: Guilford Press, 2007).

 

 

For more, information on these practices, see Sharon Salzberg and Joseph Goldstein, Insight Meditation: A Step-By Step Course on How to Meditate, audio program (Louisville, Colo.: Sounds True Publishers, 2002).

 

 

James Carmody and Ruth A. Baer, Relationships Between Mindfulness Practice and Levels of Mindfulness, Medical and Psychologiccal Symptoms, and Weil-Being in a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, Journal of Behavorial Medicine, published online September 25, 2007, http://www.springerlink.com/content/n26838t52m727Ui3/

 

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