: . . , . .
2006 . . . *, . . **
* , , . . . . ,
** , . . . . ,
, . . .
: , , , , .
, , , . , , [1, 6, 21, 23].
. ( - ) . , , [7, 12, 22]. , - [1, 5, 20].
, , - , , [4, 10, 23]. , , [5, 6, 21]. - , , .
|
|
, , , , - [1, 28]. [6, 20, 21]. -
1 ( N 05 - 06 - 06381 ).
. 79
, . , [4, 10, 28].
, . [8, 11, 19]. , . , , [6, 20, 21]. "" .
, , [7, 24 .]. 2, :
() "-" [7, 10],
() - / [9, 25];
() , , [12, 24, 27].
, , [13]. .
|
|
, , , , . , , , . , , , . , .
, " " [16, 18 .]. , , , , , , . : , (, , , ), - [3, 16, 18]. .
, .
2 . . . [1] . . [12, 13].
. 80
. , , . , [1, 5, 21, 22]. - , .
. . , , , , . , , : (1) ; (2) ; (3) [13]. , , , .
|
|
. , . - , .
40 , . 1960- 15- , , . , , , 1990- . - . - , . , 2000 . .
, , , , . , ( ) :
* 1- , (- 2000 .);
* 2- - , (- 2002 .).
, 41 . 1- 33 (26 -
3 " " "", [9, 12].
. 81
1.
N | * | ** | |
1. | " " | * ( ) | . . . . , 2003 |
2. | * (JSS: ) | JSS . - . . . . , 2000 | |
3. | " " | * (-) | JDS . . - . . , 2001 |
4. | " " | * (-) | . - . . , 1980 |
- | |||
5. | * (-) * (-) | STAXI . - . . , 1983 | |
6. | * (-) * (-) | STAI . - . . , 2001 | |
7. | * (-) * (-) | STDI . - . . , 2001 | |
8. | * * * | . . ., 1971 | |
9. | " " | * (-) | . . , 1984 |
10. | () | * (-) * (-) * - (/ ) | . - . . , 1987 |
* , .
|
|
** [3, 14, 17].
7 21 68 ). 2- 32 (27 5 23 70 ). 24 . 24.7 25.3 , .
. . [13] - , - .
- , , , . , " ", [17].
, (. . 1). :
1. ( " " ( JSS: ); ) ( ; );
2. - , " " ( , );
. 82
3. , ( - , , , ; ).
, 1- 2- . , . .
|
|
, . , 1- 2- , , , :
γ = (Xi - X)/(Xmax - X),
Xi - , X - , Xmax - [24].
SPSS ( 11) :
* ( );
* Varimax 1- 2- ( );
* : , , -- ( ).
[17].
1. . - ( ). . - , . - . .
, . ( , , , ), . , , - , , . .
, , 2- (p < 0.01 --). , .
, " ", , , . , , " - ". " " , . , -
. 83
, .
(1- ) : ) , ) , , , ) , . , , .
(2- ) . , - , , ( , , ). . , " " , , , , . "" .
. , "" "" " ". , .
2. . , , . , 1- 2- . . 2. . , .
: , , , , - ( , ). , , ( " ") (, , ). , -, .
1- 2- , . (2- ) . , - . (, p < 0.01 p < 0.05).
, , .
. 84
2.
* | ** | ||||
1- | 2- | ||||
(JSS: ) | (23.9) | (24.0) | |||
- | (123.2) | (124.2) | |||
- | (29.1) | (31.3) | ↓ | ||
- | |||||
: | |||||
* - | (49.8) | (48.6) | |||
* - | (45.5) | (44.7) | ↑ | ||
: | |||||
* - | (30.9) | (30.9) | |||
* - | (16.5) | (16.1) | |||
: | |||||
* - | (21.7) | (20.9) | |||
* - | (21.8) | (21.1) | |||
: | |||||
* | (4.6) | (4.6) | |||
* | (4.8) | (4.5) | |||
* | (4.6) | (4.9) | |||
- | (25.3) | (24.1) | |||
: | |||||
* - | (25.2) | (26.4) | |||
* - | (18.5) | (19.6) | - | ||
* / | (21.5) | (20.9) | |||
* .
** : ↓ - ; ↑ - .
, . , 1- 2- (. . 3).
1- , 67.4% . :
* 1- - " ", , , . .
* 2- - " ", , , , .
* 3- - " - ", (JSS: ) - (,
. 85
3.
1- ( - 5.85; 34.3% ) | 2- ( - 2.82; 16.6% ) | 3- ( - 2.80; 16.5% ) | |||
- (.894) | - (.689) | JSS: (.750) | |||
- (.874) | - (.687) | / (.722) | |||
- (.856) | - (.617) | - (.720) | |||
- (.801) | (.555) | - (.697) | |||
(-.800) | (.437) | ||||
- (.792) | |||||
(-.699) | |||||
- (.594) | |||||
1- ( - 4.36; 25.6% ) | 2- ( - 2.94; 17.3% ) | 3- ( - 2.92; 17.2% ) | 4- (-2.31; 13.6% ) | ||
(-.863) | - (.862) | JSS: (.802) | - (-825) | ||
- (-.840) | - (.800) | - (.696) | (.800) | ||
(-.803) | - (-.578) | / (.627) | (.618) | ||
- (.663) | - (.546) | - (.526) | |||
- (.568) | |||||
- (.560) | |||||
, , ).
, 2- , . , 73.7% . :
* 1- - " ", , , , ( ), ( ).
* 2- - " ", , , , .
* 3- - " - ", (JSS: ) , , - .
* 4- - " ", .
, . .
, ( 1). , ( 3), [25]. , , , ( 2), , , , . .
[1, 19]. ,
. 86
(. ), . , ( 1), , ( 2). (JSS: ) - : , , ( 3), [27]. ( 4) , , .
, , . "" - (1) "", , , (2) "", , , .
, ( , ) , [1]. " " (. alarm reaction . [19] . . [15]). "" - [1, 12]. , , , , [9, 20, 27].
3. . , , , , , . , , -, - ( . [17]). - , . .
" ", (1- ), :
* A - (10 ., 2- 7 .);
* B - (11 ., 2- 9 .);
* C - (10 ., 2- 8 .).
. -- 1- p < 0.0001. 2- : A , B C (p < 0.05 ), .
γ 1- 2- . 1- 2- ( -
. 87
4.
1- | 2- | |||
JSS: | A-B*; A-C** | |||
- | A-C** | A-C***; B-C** | ||
- | (A-C)* | A-C** | ||
- | (A-C)* | A-B**; A-C** | ||
- | A-B**; A-C** | A-B**; A-C***; B-C** | ||
- | (A-B)*; (A-C)* | (A-B)*; A-C**; (B-C)* | ||
- | A-C** | |||
/- | (A-C)* | |||
A-B** | A-C**; (B-C)* | |||
(A-C)* | A-C*** | |||
A-B**; A-C** | A-B**; A-C**; (B-C)* | |||
- | A-B**; A-C*** | A-B**; A-C***; B-C** | ||
1- 2- | ||||
A | B | C | ||
JSS: | *** | ** | ||
- | ** | ** | * * * | |
- | ** | |||
- | ** | |||
- | ()* | ()* | * * * | |
- | ()* | ** | ||
- | *** | |||
/- | ()* | |||
** | ||||
** | ** | *** | ||
** | ||||
- | ()* | ** | ||
-----
* p < 0.1 ( ), ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01.
-- ) ( ). . 4 .
. 4, 2- 1- (, 24 13 36 ; p < 0.01 ). , , , .
. 1- (JSS: ) , A B - C (. . 4 1- , .). , A , , , , . (p < 0.1)
. 88
( ) ( ) .
, , . , B C 1- .
, ( A) , , . , (, B C) .
. -, , A
. 89
(. 2- . 4, .). , 1- : (JSS: ), - . "" A C, "" A B. -, , B C, 1- . , B C.
, . ( A) . (, B C) . - "" .
. , (. 4). (. .) :
* A ( ) . , , . , .
* B ( ) . , ( ), .
* C ( ) . . , , - .
, , . , . : , . : . , .
, . , , .
. 90
, - [17].
, . , . (, -, ) , . " ", .
, , . , . . - (1) , , (2) . , , , , .
, . - , , .
, , (, , , ). , , . , "" . , . , , "" .
. , "" , [1, 6, 23].
, , . , . , , . , -
. 91
" " , , .
1. . . . .: , 1996.
2. . . . .: , 2000.
3. . . . .... . . . ., 2005.
4. . - . .: , 2001.
5. . . . .: - , 2004.
6. . . . .: , 2003.
7. . . // : . / . . . , . . . .: , 1995.
8. - . . . .: , 1983.
9. ., . // : . / . . . , . . . .: , 1995.
10. . ., . " " // : . / . . . , . . . .: , 1995.
11. . . : .... . . . ., 1988.
12. . . // . . -. . 14. . 2000. N 3. . 4 - 19.
13. . . : // . . 2004. . 25. N 2. . 75 - 85.
14. . ., . . // / . . . . .: , 2003. . 136 - 166.
15. . . // . 1982. . 8. N 3. . 362 - 374.
16. . . . .: , 1998.
17. . . . .... . . . ., 2003.
18. . ., . . //