.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


Complex strategy of professional stress Analysis: from diagnostics towards prophylaxis and correction




A. B. Leonova

Dr. sci. (psychology), professor, head of the laboratory of labor psychology, department of psychology, Moscow State University, Moscow

The main psychological models of stress are considered and the methodological scheme of professional stress analysis into empirical researches is founded. There is presented the essence of the complex diagnostics-preventive system "Integral diagnostics and stress correction". On the example of therapists practice it is shown the adequacy of this system to development of the program of psychological assistance.

Key words: professional stress, mental health, professional-personal adaptation, psychodiagnostics, regulation of states, stress prophylaxis.

. 85

. :

: . .

: 1

. . .

. . . ,

, : " - ". " " ( , ), " " ( ), " " ( ) , - .

: , , , - .

- - , , , . : , , , ? " , , " " , , , " [15, . 43], "", - ? , , , . , "" , , , . , , " " , , [2]. , , , , , , , , .

. -, " " [8, . 20]; -, - " - , " [13, . 5]; -, " , " [12, . 3].

-

1 N 02 - 06 - 00074.

. 86

. "" ("-" . [5], "--"-"--" . [30], "-" [3, 9 - 11, 22, 25], "- " "-" [19 .]) , .. , . "" , [3,9,17,27,30]. , , . , , , - - [18].

, "" [4, 16, 22 .]. , , , , (- , ), (- ), ( ) . . . [7], "" "" , , "-" .

" " , : , , , , [1, 26 .]. , . . [23], , . , , . . . " , , " [6, . 69]. , - , , .

" " . , (, , ..) "" , , , , , , , , .

"" , " " , , "". , , , .

, , - - , , . , , , -, - . , , . , , - " - ". [20, 24] , -

. 87

, .

, " -- " " - ", , . - " " , , , , . [33]. " " . [29] - "" " -", "- ".

. [34], , " " . " ", , [3, 20, 24], " " , , . , , , , (. [7]). " " . . [29] " " " -", , , " " , , .

, " " ( , ), " " ( ), " " ( ) - , - .

: , , , .

:

* ;

* " " ;

* " " .

. , ( ), - (9 , 6 ), (7 , 8 ), (10 , 5 ) - 15 . , , . , , : ; , , , ; ; ; , , .

, 45 , 29 52 , 5 . . , - , , , , " " "" .

. : " " ( , ), " " ( ), " " ( ).

. 25- () . [31] ( . . [2]) 3- , , - (-), (-), (-) . "" .

. , 25 , "SPSS 10.0" Windows. -

. 88

:

1. ( vari-max-), , . - , . : 1) , , 2) , .

2. , , , .

3. ( ANOVA) . , .

1. " " . .

.

- " ", 19.2% . " (0.797), (0.797), (0.632), (0.588), (0.584)" " " " (-0.689)". , " , " . , 16.5% , "" , (-0.958) "" (-0.958). , " " , , , . "", 12.9% , " ", , " (0.64), (0.623), (0.544), (0.536)", - "" (-0.744), "" (- 0.64), "" (-0.482). "" "" "". , 11.2% , ; "" , , " (-0.79) - (0.79)".

" " . , - .

(21.3% ) " ", " " " (-0.87), (-0.84), (-0.617)" " (0.622), (0.617), (0.569), (0.506)". (17.98% ) " " - " (-0.855) - (0.885)", "" (-0.561) "" (0.802), , . "" (14.1% ). " (0.969), (0.961), (0.961)" " " "" (-0.586). "" (10.1% ) "" (0.831) " (0.769), (0.656)" " (0.595), (0.577), (0.571), (0.534)"

" " ( , 25.8% ) - "" (0.837), : " (0.757), (0.72), (0.684), (0.589)", " (0.503), (0.757)". "" (16.58% ) , , " (0.854) (0.851), (0.494)" " ", - " " " (-0.752), (-0.752), (-0.654)". , . (13.2% ) " " "" ("(-0.719), (-0.707)") "" (" (0.859), (0.73), (0.681)"). (11.6% ) , "" . , - "-", "-", "- ".

" " , , "", "", - "-", - "-".

" " . -

, .

. 89

, " ".

(21.2% ) - - , " ", , " (-0.755)", " (-0.592)", , " (0.755)" - " (0.744)", " (0.723)", " (0.686)". " ", "" , "", "" - . (17.3% ) "" , , "" (0.944), . "-". "", "", "", "". " " (11.76% ); , "" (-0.847), - "" (0.715) "" (0.668). "" (0.631) (9.78% ) "" (0.728), "" (0.719) "" (-0.587), "" (0.584), "" (0.532).

, " " , "", "", "" .

" ", " " - .

, "", 25.2% ; , , " (-0.819), (-0.659)", - " (0.805), " (0.805). (13.6% ) " " " (-0.847), (-0.796) - (0.847)". , , " ", "" ( , . ). " " (13.1% ); " ". " (-0.627), (- 0.624)", " (0.724), (0.687)"; " " - ", ", ", ". " " (10.7% ); : " (0.746), (0.746), (0.69), (0.639)".

" " .

" " (21.56% ) , , " (0.791), (0.758), (0.745), (0.673)", - " (- 0.655), (-0.549), (-0.484)". "" (16.15% ) - " (0.834), (0.825), (0.825) - (-0.693)"; , . " " (14.7% ) , , " (-0.765), (-0.531)", - " (0.832), (0.653), (0.593)", .. , , , . (9.95% ) " (-0.636), , (-0.787)" - " (0.587), (0.508)".

" " , . , "" .

, " " .

" " (16.9% ) . , , " (0.905), (0.894)", - "" (-0.72). "" (15.66% ) "- (0.916), (0.839)" - "" (-0.789). "" (12.7% ) " (0.877), (0.758)" - " (- 0.526), (-0.518)".

" ", " ", , "" , ", ", ", ", ", ".

"-" (10.1% ) " " " (0.645), (0.617), (0.573) (0.569)" " " " (-0.668) (-0.617)".

. 90

(9.4% ) " (0.806), (0.679), (0.652)", .

" " , " ", " ", .

(16.3% ) , , " (-0.761), (-0.681)", - " (0.75), (0.716), (0.709), (0.508)".

"-" (13.87% ). " " " (-0.533), (-0.468)", " (0.848), (0.775), (0.692)". (11.68% ) - " (- 0.618), (-0.545)" -" (0.664), (0.63), (0.549)". "" (10.3% ) " " " (-0.668), (-0.648)" " " " (0.843), (0.59)". (9.19% ) " (0.894), (0.684), (0.652)".

, " " , " " .

" " .

(18.48% ) " " " (-0.72) (-0.689)", " " " (0.792), (0.707), (0.673), (0.507)". (.76% ) " (0.921), (0.823), (0.657)" " " "- (0.823), - (0.657), - (0.586)". (14.52% ) " " " (0.847), (0.836), (0.697), (0.694)" - "" (-0.487). (12.9% ) " (- 0.63), (-0.591), (-0.516)" " (0.825), - (0.638)".

2. , , , , , . , . , , , . .

. 1 - 3: - , - 25 .

" " (. 1) - (σ ≤ 0.88).

" " "- , -, -, -, - , -" . (σ ≤ 0.52) - "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "- " (σ ≤ 1.33).

, . " " "-", "- ", "-", "-" (σ ≤ 1.5) "-", "-", "- ", "-", "-".

, " " (. 2) , , , " ". " " , .

. 1. () " " .

. 91

. 2. () " " .

. 3. () " " .

" " ", , , , , , , " (σ ≤ 0.35), "-", "- ", "-", "-", "- " (σ ≤ 0.85). , . , , , .., , , .

(5 ) "-" (σ = 1.22); "-", "-", "-". " " ", , , , , , , " (σ ≤ 0.46).

, "", - "". , .

"-" (σ = 1.45) " " , , , - : "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-". - ", , , , , , , , , , , " (σ ≤ 0.35).

" " (. 3) , . "-" (σ = 1.06). , . .

" " "-" (σ = 2.09), - "- " (σ = 1.51). "-", "-", "-", "- ", "-", "--", "- ", "-", "-" (σ ≤ 1.22). " " - ", , , , " (σ ≤ 0.52).

" ", . : "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "- ", "-" (σ ≤ 1.22). . " " - ", , , , , " (σ ≤ 0.46).

3. , , (. ). " ", " ", " " , "- ", "-", - : "-", "-", "-".

" " " " "", , , , .

. 92

" ", " ", " " ( - ANOVA)

N " " - " " " " - " " " " - " "
1. ( ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05) : ( ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05) : ( ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05) : ( ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05) :
    17. -, 6. -, 12. -, 1. -,
    25. - 15. -, 25. -, 3. -,
      17. -, 24. - 5. -,
      25. -,   10. --
      24. -   ,
          14. -,
          15. -,
          17. -,
          25. -
2. ( ≤ 0.001) : ( ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05) : ( ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05) :
    ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05 15. - 7. -, 1. -,
        12. - 4. -,
          6. -,
          7. -,
          11. -,
          12. -,
          15. -,
          16. -,
          20. -,
          21. -,
          22. -,
          25. -
3. ( ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05) : ( ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05) : ( ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05) : ( ≤ 0.001 ~ ≤ 0.05) :
    6. -, 6. -, 1. -, 4. -,
    14. -, 14. -, 2. - 6. -,
    22. - 21. , 6. -, 14. -,
      22. - 8. -, 15. -,
        9. -, 22. -
        11. -,  
        12. -,  
        13. -,  
        14. -,  
        16. -,  
        22. -,  
        24. -  

" " " " "-", " " ( 12 ), (2 - " - ", "-") (3 - "-", "-", "-").

" " " "

, , , , "" , " " , . " " , " ".

, , , , , ( ), " " " " , " ". "-", "-". , " " , " " ", , , ". , " " , , , , , . , "" .

. 93

" " " ", "-", "-", "-". , . " " "- ".

. " " " ", " " , " ". , , , , . , (7 , 5 ) " " , , , ; , . " " " " "-". " " " " " ". , "" , " " "-" " " " ". , "" " " - [5], [28, 32]. , , "-" "-" [10].

; , , . " " , , , " " , , , , " " " ". , " " " " " - ", "- ", " ", .

1. , , , , , .

2. " " .

3. " " , .

4. , , " " .

, , , , . . . , , , [12]. , "" .

1. . . : . .... . . . ., 1996.

2. . . . ., 1999.

3. . - . ., 1986.

4. . . -// . 1998. N 7. . 54 - 58.

5. . . ., 1991.

6. . . : ( ) // .. 2001. . 22. N 4. . 51 - 59.

7. . . : . .... . . . ., 2000.

8. . . . , 1998.

9. . . // . . 1981. . 2. N 3. . 25 - 39.

10. . . : . .: , 1984.

11. . . . ., 1978.

12. . . : . . .. . ., 2000.

. 94

13. . ., . . . . ., 1995.

14. . ., . . - //. . . 14.-. 2000. N 1..29 - 35.

15. . . // .. . 14. . 1994. N 2. . 41 - 49.

16. . . - ( ) // . 2002. N 6. . 29 - 49.

17. . . . ., 1994.

18. . . (, , , ): . .... ... ., 2003.

19. . . . .: , 1989.

20. . ., . . . , 1991.

21. . . . ., 1976.

22. . . . ., 1983.

23. . . // . 1999. N 3. . 84 - 98.

24. . . ., 1998.

25. . . . ., 1977.

26. . . : , . . .... - .. ., 2001.

27. . : . ., 1996.

28. Flett G.L., Hewitt PL., Blankstein K.R., O'Brien S. Perfectionism and learned resourcefulness in depression and self-esteem // Personality and individual differences. 1991. N 12. P. 61 - 68.

29. Markus H.R., Kitayama Sh. Culture and the self: implications for cognition, emotion and motivation // Psychological review. 1991. V. 98. N 2. P. 224 - 253.

30. Mead G.H. Mind, self and society / Ed. by W. Morris. Chicago: University of Chicago press, 1975.

31. sgood Ch. et al. The measurement of meaning. Urbana, 1957.

32. Philipchalk R.P. Invitation to social psychology. Har-court Brace College Publishers, 1995. Chapter 2. P. 39 - 80.

33. Rosenberg M., Kaplan H. (eds.). Social psychology of the self-concept. Arlington Heights, 1982.

34. Tajfel H. Social identity and intergroup behavior // Social science information. 1974. N 13 (2). P. 65 - 93.





:


: 2016-12-06; !; : 465 |


:

:

.
==> ...

1530 - | 1369 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.126 .