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( , 1999)

 

. , , , , .., . , , - .., .

. (), . , .. ( ) , , it . , , .

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(tauto logos ), , . ; -, -, -, .. (figura etimologica) , 1.

, , . .. , 2.

, , . , (, ), .

, . ( ) ; () .

- . , , . , . : , . , , . , , , , 3. , . , . , : ( ), ( ) 4.

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, , . ( ) / ( ). (-, -, -, ..).

, , (I) , (II).

 

 
 

 


I

() () ()

 

 


II

 

 

, , , . , , ; , .

- , , - . , , . .. 5.

, ( ) ( ) . . , , (-, , , ) , () , () ().

, . ( ) , . ( .. ), ( ). , . : New scum, of course, has risen to take place of the old, but the oldest scum, the thickest scum, and the scummiest scum has come from across the ocean (E. Hemingway).

( , ) . , , , . , : , , - . , , , . .

, , , : ( ), ( ). , , , , , , . , , , , 6.

, , ( ), : , . .: Joe was a mild, good-natured, sweet-tempered, easy-going foolish dear fellow (Dickens). . , , , . , , . , . , : Chance was the finest, nicest, sweetest boy in St. Cloud. (Williams).

, , .

-, . , (, ), - .

, , , , . , , .

, , ( ). , () ( , ) () . .

, , , () (), . - (.: enough is enough, business is business), , , .

, , , , , , , , . . .. 7.

. , : , , . For East is East, and West is West. , , . , . , ; . .: A joke is a joke (Parker). , , joke. , - (. .. tautology pretended).

, - . , , . , , tautology disguised: Make yourself an honest man and then you may be sure there is one rascal less in the world (Carlyle). , ; - .

( , vs ), , .

.. , . . .

( ), . : , , . . .: The Widow Douglas, she took me for her son, and allowed she would civilize me (Twain). , , (Little Miss Muffet, she sat on a tuffet), , : The scipper, he blew a whiff from his pipe, And a scornful laugh laughed he. (Longfellow).

, . . , .. She was sort of cute, the blond one , (, ). . .: She has developed power, this woman this wife of his (Galsworthy). , .

. , : I know what the like of you are, I do. (Shaw) , . . ; - , .

it. , . , . . : It was a country cousin that Harris took in. (Jerome K. Jerome). , , , , .

, .

1. . ..20, .28.

2. . . .: .501.

3. . . . .,1961, . 125.

4. .. : . .: , 1981. . 187.

5. .. - : . . . . , 1987 , 1990..

6. . Nozek J. Pause and repetition in Modern Colloquial English: Prague Studies in English. - Prague, 1969. P.48.

7. Y.M. Skrebnev. Fundamentals of English Stylistics. .: , 1994.

.

 

( , , , 1999)

 

: , , ( ). : .. , .. , .. , .. , .. , .. , .. , .. .

.. . : , , (, 1940:73-75).

, . : fair sun, wide sea, soft pillow, green wood.

- , , , : : a grand style, the pale moon, horror-widened eyes. : , , , . , - . . . : Till the yellow-h aired young Eulalie became my blushing bride.

, . . , : , : an angry sea, the howling storm, the ehausted wind,. , : laughing valleys, shushing spray; The great chandeliar swung crazily.

, : , , . .. (, 1966: 103).

.., , , , , (, 1999: 73-79). , . : green wood, bonnie ship, fair England, my true love. , , . , , ( fair sun, wide sea, soft pillow), (bonnie boat, my true love, proud porter, false steward) (silk napkin, silver cups, long tables). .. , .. , : ; .

, , , , , , , : . : an angry sea, laughing valleys, the bashful moon, merciless sea.

.. , (, 1971: 152-158): , , , , , . : dark forest, careful attention, fantastic terror , , ( ), . : heart - burning smile, pregnant clouds, voiceless sands, choking water, a tired moustache, a wife-dominated failure. . , , , , , .

.. . , , . , , , , , (soft voice, sweet girl, said coolly). , . , , . (, 1988: 392 393). : exhausted wind, a comfortable woman, the giant of a husband, impatient sea.

, , . .. , , , , , . (, 1971: 157). , (my true love, sweet Sir, dark forest).,

.. (, 1986: 53), (Flying Dutchman curse, the iron hate, cold embrace), (The girl gave a lipsticky smile.),, (She was a charming old lady, with a face like a bucket of mud), (She was a giant of a woman. She carried a mammoth red pocket book).

.. , , , . (, 1984: 19 30). , , . : Annexed to the copy of that letter was the original of Dartie*s drunken scrawl from the Iseeum Club.. (angry wind, soothing and apologetic rain), , .

.. .. , , , : Tired Nature¢s sweet restorter, balmy sleep. dreamy, gloomy, friendly trees. , , - :My life is one demd (= damned) horrid grind. That was the curious incident , remarks Sherlock Holmes. To fulfil this condition was hopelessly out of my power.

, , , . , , , , .. , , , , . - , . , (silk napkin) (silver cups) (fair sun) (wide sea). , (long tables), , , , . , . , green (green wood) soft (soft pillow) . , , () . , , .

, : , (, , ), , . , , :

 

 
 

 


 

.

.. , , . (,1990: 76). , , . . . : with paper peeling and chairs tottering; and the eyes watchful,waiting, indifferent. , , , . : and then in a nice,old-fashioned, lady-like, maiden-lady way she blushed.

, , , . (, 1990: 78). : I will make a palace fit for you and me of green days in forest and bluedays at sea. , , : days in green forest, days at blue seas.

, . , . , . , . .. . .

B , , . , , . : I amnotthatkindof-girl look. It has a justoutofgrandmother*sattick look.

, : (a hell of a mess, a devil of a sea, a two-legged ski - rocked of a kid). . , , (, 1990: 78).

.. , . : (that marmoset of a dog, anamateur of a father). (dog, father), (marmoset, amateur). (, 1962: 98). , , , , , , ghost: (the ghost of a smile, the ghost of an idea, the ghost of warmth, little golden ghost of a piano).

.. . (, 1977: 10). : (the long worm ofmy finger). , (my finger looks like a long worm). .

.. . (, 1971: 152 158). ( ), : (a bright face, my true love, indifferent shoulders), (), : (cloud-shapen giant, sylph-like figures, bull - like George, heart-burning smile) , , , : (It is thisdoityourself; go-it-alone attitude. mistery-making, come-hither-but-go-away-again-because - butter-woulden*t-melt-in-my-mouth expression).

, , of, : (the shadow of a smile, a devil of a job, a dog of a fellow, a littleFlying Dutchman of a cab). , (). , , (shadow, devil, dog). , . .. : (Fools that they are. Wicked as he is.), that, as. , , .

, : (a rosy-cheeked, wholesome, apple - faced, young woman), , , , (sleepless pillow, restless pace, whispering shadows) . , , . . , , .. .

.. .. , (, , 1960:17): (of -phrase), : (The ghost of a smile appeared on Soames* face.), , (Carlyle*s is a wind-in-the-orchard style. A She will or She won*t-sort-of-a little person.). , . .

, .. (,1986:- 53 ): , (a dry look, a green sea, angry waves), , (marvellously radiant smile, pettishiy angry sea), (a you-know-how-dirty-men-are look), , (the brute of a boy), , , (Fool! Oh, my sweet!). , (a dry look), (a wonderful and happy summer) (a ribald, thundtring, insolent, magnificient laugh).

, .. , () . , . , . , , .

, , , .

 

.

 

( Ȼ, 1999)

 

, . :

,

- ,

,

.

, , : (). , , () . . .

He i s a hard nut to crack (= he is strong/ persistent)

, - , .

The hoarse, dull drum (=war) would sleep,

And Man be happy yet. (Byron)

. , . . , : the victory lord, the protector of earls, the leader of hosts (= the king), the play of swords (= the battle), the shield-bearer (=warrior). - , , .

, , .. , , ,. (, 1971:167-168) , :

And Harold stands upon the place of skulls,

The grave of France, the deadly Waterloo. (Byron)

, :

Of his four sons, only two could be found sufficiently without the e (=unaristocratic) to go on making ploughs. (Galsworthy)

, .. .. (2000:34-41)

- .. , , , , . , , , , ; - .

, , : Have you got something to read? (= a book) in a nutshell (= in short).

, , , , . - .

Even the intelligent and impassioned reporters of life have maid the county of the rich as unreal as a fairy-tale (= the writers)

- . . - , - :

has Arnold, my dearest and closest friend, taken complete and utter leave of his senses? (= gone made)

- . , , .

Eagerly I wished the morrow; - vainly I had sought to borrow

From my books surcease of sorrow (=consolation)

. , , .

. - : , , . , , , , , (), , , , , :

Who would have predicted thirty years agothat an overwhelmingly white electorate in Virginia, cradle of old Confederacy, would have made F.Douglas Wilder its governor?

, , .

, , , .

That architect-chap, Bosinney.

He has got a screw loose (= is mad)

- , , . - -.

, . , - :

So, I went down to the can and chewed the rag with him (= chattered)

-, , , .

: to take a lick (= to improvise)

: Hard chuck (= risk)

- - . . , -.

Dont be a bastard Jock (= mean)

. , , . , (.. - ), , (, 1993:125-127). , , , , , () () .

. . , , : ( ), ( ), ( 2 ), ( ) ..

. , .

She was the map of misery itself (= looked miserable)

Rablais called a spade something more than a bloody shovel. (=was vulgar).

, , .

He is biting the furniture (= is very excited)

, , , , : , a sparrow of a woman.

() , , , .

Thats the way the cookie crumbles (= thats life)

, . , :

Instead he suddenly caught sight of a pair of familiar golden legs and a smoldering head of auburn hair. (=Mrs. Palgrave)

. , , , :

keep everybody out except cases that cant walk (= badly wounded)

, , , . :

He is a real Newton! (= very clever)

, .. - .

Put your John Hancock on that line (= signature)

, , .

A good-looker (= a fat woman), a man of too high a character (= a base man)

, , , .

All this culture stuff s very fine but its not going to earn you the price of a sausage outside this door (= unprofitable)

. , , , .

. , .

I am not exactly five years old (= grown up)

( ) .

, , . .

He came back with a character that closed the doors of all his family against him (= malicious character)

, , . - , () , . , . - , . .. (, 1996) .

- . , , . .





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