1) A ship intended for the carriage of liquefied gas in bulk is _________.
2) A ship intended for the carriage of different cargoes except for liquid bulk cargo is _________.
3) A ship intended for the carriage of goods in containers of the international standard is _________.
4) A cargo ship intended for transportation of various vehicles on all decks is _________.
5) A ship intended for the carriage of liquid cargoes is _________.
6) A ship designed to carry dry bulk cargo in its holds is _________.
Exercise 3. Translate into English the words in bold type:
1. OBO ships can both dry and liquid.
2. can carry types of cargo.
3. with or cranes can handle single lifts over 500 tons and they do not require .
4. Containers can be .
5. Some of - are also to carry rolled vehicles or heavy/bulky cargoes.
6. LO-LO (lift-on/lift-off) vessels is effected by derricks or cranes through .
7. On board RO-RO (roll-on/roll-off) vessels the cargo board and rolled off.
8. On board FO-FO (float-on/float off) vessels dock lift cargo is used, that is (e.g. barges) are floated into cargo spaces (usually large ).
9. are designed to sail in a certain area or at a certain distance from the port, can sail to any area of the World Ocean.
10. A liner has dates of , fixed ports of call between her home port and .
Exercise 4. Translate from Russian into English:
1. - . 2. , .. . 3. . 4. . 5. - , ( Ro-Ro), ; , (); , , , . 6. , . 7. , , , . 8. - , . 9. ( -160).
10. , , , , - . 11. .
Text 2. Fishing vessels
Fishing vessels are a subset of commercial vessels, but generally small in size and often subject to different regulations and classification. They are distinguished by several criteria: the type of fish they catch, the fishing method used, geographical origin, and technical features such as rigging.
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Commercial fishermen harvest many aquatic species, from tuna, cod, and salmon to shrimp, krill, lobster, clams, squid and crab, in various fisheries for these species.
Modern commercial fishermen use many methods. One is fishing by nets, such as purse seine, beach seine, lift nets, gillnets, or entangling nets. Another is trawling, including bottom trawl. Hooks and lines are used in methods like long-line fishing and hand-line fishing). Another method is the use of fishing trap.
Fishing boats are generally small, often little more than 30 metres (98 ft)) but up to 100 metres (330 ft) for a large tuna or whaling ship. They feature holds large enough to keep a good-sized catch. The fish can then simply be stored on ice. Aboard a fish processing vessel, they can be made ready for market and sold more quickly once the ship makes port.
The simplest fishing boats have a small cabin with a saloon, a deck designed to accommodate fishing, and fishing equipment such as nets and lines. Trawlers have additional gear such as winches and arms. Other devices are used, such as a rear ramp on a stern-trawler, and a skiff on a tuna seiner.
Notes to the text:
Subset - ;
Rigging- , ,
species ['spiːʃiːz]
tuna ['tjuːnə] / ()
cod [kɔd]
salmon ['sæmən] ;
shrimp [ʃrɪmp]
krill ( )
lobster ['lɔbstə]
clam [klæm] 1. 1) (Bivalvia) 2)
purse seine
beach seine
gill net
entangling net []
bottom trawl
long-line fishing
hand-line fishing
trap fishing
whaling ship 1
Exercise 6. Answer the questions:
1. By what criteria are fishing vessels distinguished?
2. What aquatic species do you know?
3. What are the main methods of fishing?
4. What is the size of fishing boats?
5. What is the design of smallest fishing boats?
Grammar exercises:
there is / there are .
: there is/are + + . there is/are .
There is :
There is a cat in the garden () ;
There is a beach down here () ;
There is a new club near the college () ;
There are :
There are twenty students in the class () ;
There are four girls and two boys in her family () 4 2 ;
There are three hospitals in town () ;
, there is/are .
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, to be there. Is there a train to Moscow? ?
Is there a good restaurant in the street? ?
Are there a lot of children in the pool? ?
Are there thirty or thirty one days in this month? ?
there is/there are .
-, not, to be. :
there isnt there arent.
there wasnt there werent.
, any.
There isnt an air bag in my car.
( ) .
There werent any messages for me yesterday.
() .
-, no. :
Theres no milk in this store.
.
There are no trains to Moscow today.
.
