Notes:
| maintenance | , , , () |
| daily | |
| dipstick | |
| to stand still | |
| at least | |
| draining | |
| to unscrew | |
| to screw | |
| drain plug | |
| bottom | , |
| crankcase | |
| to fill | |
| to refill | |
| refilling | |
| to wipe | |
| inside | , |
| rag | |
| fluff | , , |
| cotton waste | . |
| to dip | , |
| lube oil suction strainer | |
| sump | , , |
| to examine | |
| frequently | |
| crack | |
| upper | |
| piston ring | |
| depending on | |
| condition | |
| deposits | |
| carbon | |
| excessive | |
| externally | |
| scale | |
| wear | |
| to renew | |
| top | |
| to adjust | |
| clearance | |
| also | |
| joint | |
| lever | |
| alignment | , |
| bearing | , , ( ) |
| readings | , , |
Check the lube oil pressure daily. The pressure should be 1,5 Kg per sq.cm = 21 Ibs/sq. in (psi). Keep the oil level up to the full mark of the dipstick. Make control when the engine stands still. The lube oil should be changed the first time after 50 working hours, the next time after another 150 working hours and then at least once a year. Draining is made by unscrewing the drain plug at the bottom of the crankcase just after stopping the engine when the oil is warm and easy to drain. Before refilling with fresh oil wipe out the inside of the crankcase with a clean rag (use material free from fluff, do not use cotton waste). Dip the rag in gas oil and clean the lube oil suction strainer placed on the drain plug and clean the sump. When changing the lube oil, clean the lubricating oil filter with petrol or gas oil. Refill the sump with fresh lube oil.
Pistons should be examined frequently for cracks. The upper piston rings should be examined once a month during the first six months service and than as necessary depending on their condition. At intervals of six months piston heads if cooled mast be examined for deposits of carbon in cooling spaces -and cooling pipes. Exhaust valves, manifold and cylinder ports should also be examined and excessive carbon deposits should be removed. Cylinder liners must be examined externally for deposits of scale. The liners should also be examined for wear and renewed if necessary. The clearance of the connecting rod - top and bottom ends should also be examined and adjusted if necessary. At intervals of one year the manoeuvring gear should be examined for wear at the joints of levers and rods. The alignment of the crankshaft should be checked and corrected if necessary. The main bearings, should be examined and readings taken for wear.
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Exercise 1. Answer the questions.
1) How often should the lube oil pressure be checked?
2) What should be the pressure?
3) When should the lube oil be changed the first time?
4) How is draining made?
5) Where is the drain plug positioned?
6) When is the oil easiest to drain?
7) When is it necessary to wipe out the inside of the crankcase?
8) What should the pistons be examined for?
9) Where is usually carbon deposited?
10) What should be done with carbon deposits?
11) How often should the maneuvering gear be examined?
Exercise 2. Give the Russian equivalents of the following.
1) lube oil pressure
2) drain plug
3) inside of the crankcase
4) lube oil suction strainer
5) deposits of scale
Exercise 3. Use the correct words from the text.
1) Check the lube oil daily.
2) Keep the oil level up to the full of the
3) Dip the rag in gas and clean the lube oil strainer placed on the plug and clean the
4) valves, manifold and cylinder should also be examined and excessive carbon should be removed.
5) The of the connecting rod-top and bottom should also be examined and if necessary.
Exercise 4. Translate into English.
1) , .
2) , .
3) , .
4) .
5) .
Exercise 5. Made up a dialogue of your own based on the one given below.
THE CYLINDER LINERS AND THE CAMSHAFT
Mr. Wilson - Why do you want to replace only 3 cylinder liners I wonder?
Ch.Eng - You see these liners are badly damaged through erosion on the cooling water side and have some ellipsoidal wear. That's why they are to be replaced. As to the other liners they require checking. Then we'll see what should be done.
Mr. Wilson - We must know the exact number of cylinder liners to be renewed because the delivery takes rather much time. So we'll speed up the dismantling of the cylinder liners and carry out the necessary survey of defects as quick as possible.
Ch.Eng. - We'd like to have your opinion about the other three liners in two days. Can you manage it?
Mr. Wilson - You see, it's necessary to grind the camshaft journals, other wise it's impossible to replace the bearings. The camshaft labyrinth packing should be renewed too, I think.
Ch. Eng. - Yes, they should. But look it is stipulated in the list of repairs.
Mr. Wilson - So, we shall make a complete repair of the camshaft drive, shan't we? Sorry we have not all necessary spare parts for the-main starting valve repair in our repair hit at present. Ch, Eng. - Don't worry. The main starting valve repair requires only minor repair. We try to do it by our engine room stuff.
Notes:
| cylinder liner | |
| packing | |
| wear | |
| to repack | |
| wear-wore-worn | |
| drive | |
| delivery | |
| repair kit | , |
| exact | |
| quality | |
| speed up | |
| quantity | |
| to be badly damaged of | - |
| dimension | |
| shape | |
| to grind | |
| camshaft | |
| journal | |
| sorry but I am not satisfied with the quality (results) of repair | , () |
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Exercise 6. Speak on the following.
1) The lube oil changing.
2) Refilling with fresh lube oil.
3) Piston examination
