( .. - . .
"33. , ,
" ",
: 1980- .
"", -
, -
, , , .
, Deaf-
, "
" ( , . 8).
"": ,
, -
- , ,
: "" "", -
. , -
""34.
. -
-
- -
. /-
.
33 ., . . - : , , // - . . . . , - . . 2000. . 7-8. 34 Padden , Humphries . Deaf in America: Voices from a culture. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 1988. P. 13. |
,
, - " : -
". .
. : "
, , -
-
... -
,
, "", -
"" -
, -
, , -
, , -
, .
,
".
. . -
. -
-
. ( ) -
:
"", ""?
, -
;
(
, ); -
.
-
.
|
|
. (1990) -
, " " - -
- -
,
: ,
"" (
), , "-
" () ,
(),
.
: -
-
; -
"", , -
,
, ..
-
90% , -
,
. "" -
.
--
: "
;
"" "". , ,
,
- ,
"35.
:
.;-: .:.'.;/.|' '> :-;/ ' ;
35 Padden , Humphries . Deaf in America: Voices from a
culture. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 1988. P. 20.
-
, --
.
, ,
, ,
.
. "" -
, -
""
.
:
.
10% ("") - ,
,
. .
"":
"
, , - "-
". ,
,
: " ",
"".
("")
-
. , -
, -
" ", -
-
,
, , -
-
.
,
,
. , , -
--
.
- -
,
, (
). -
-
,
-
, -
.
|
|
-
-
,
- (
-
"" ). -
--
, ,
.
-
-
, -
. -
, -
, ,
, -
(
),
-
, .. . -
,
, -
, , -
.
-
,
. -
, , , , -
. -
-
,
. -
-
. -
-.
. , -
, -
, -
, ,
. -
. . -
111 (1980) " -
": -
: "! -
?";
, -
.
1999 . -,
. -.
-,
" "
. -
4 . -
500 ;
.
-,
. ,
, -
, ;
:
""
-;
,
"".
-
. -, -i
-
: -
: ;
, ^
, 30%, 10% -
. -
, -
. --
, ,
. -
■ , , ,
.
. (1982)
- , -
.
|
|
-
. -
, () . -
, ,
. -
-
- -
. . Ҹ
, , -
, -
(
), ",
, , -
, () -
, -
36. , -
- -
.
36 Terstriep A.L. Ethnicity, social theory and Deaf culture //
Di-iil Studies III: Bridging cultures in the 21st century. Washington.
I 'I'M p. 238-239.
1880 . -
-
,
. , -
-
, , -
,
.
1880- .
. -
,
-
,
. -
-
.
. -
,
,
-
, ,
. - -
"", -
. ,
, -
.
-
, -
, -
. -
.
- ;
" " ;
. (-
)
( )
. , -
, :
Deaf- (
!). ,
-
, , ,
, -
. , -
, "",
-
. ,
.
|
|
- , -
. - -
,
,
" ".
, -
- . -
-
. " -
-
....
, ,
, -
"37.
. , -
-
: 1880 1970- . -
12-
,
.
. ,
-
.
. , -
,
. -
: ,
, ,
(-
) -
.
- -
,
,
. -
-
, , -
. (1991) ,
37 .. // -
.. . . 1995. . 89.
i iivxhx . -
. , ,
.
, -
-
, ,
, "", " ".
" ,
,
. -
, "38.
. , -
-, -
: "-
, , -
- ,
"".
" ,
, -
"39.
.
-
.
38 Padden , Humphries. Deaf in America: Voices from a out-
line. Cambridge. 1988. P. 6.
* Wrigley O. Politics of Deafness. Washington. 1996. P. 27.
- (
XVIII .) -
.
( -
- ), , ,
.
,
-
-
. -
-
.
"".
- .
( -
) -
. "-
-
-
, -
: -
,
"40. 1856 .
. . -
:
"Deaf-Mutia" ("") "Gesturia" ("-
"). ,
|
|
40 Holcomb .. The construction of Deaf identity // Deafness:
1993-2013. A Deaf American Monograph. 1993. Vol. 43. P. 43.
" , -
". "Annals of the
Deaf and Dumb" (" -
") , -
, 1831 .
(13 .), -
, -
, -
,
. -
-
-
. , -
, -
,
, "
, ".
, 1853 .,
- -
. :
1960 . ,
,
. -
, -
- ,
ii "
! -
, -
, , ,
.
- -
?! " " - -
, ... -
-. -
- !
, -
, -
-
, , -
.
, -
! , -
, ,
.
. -
.
,
, .
,
.
, .
: . -
,
.
,
. -
, - , -
, -
, : -
. 1975 . Public
Law 94-142 (" --
") , .. -
. -
, -
. "-
" - -
, -
, -
"
".
-
-
: -
, -
, "" -
.
. -
"" ,
, -
( )
. -
( - -
) .
: -
, . -
, , -
, , .
-
:
-
, , -
, -
.
.
(
), .
" " -
- -
- , -
-
. -
( -
-
-
"", - "
") , -
, -
; ,
.
- -
, , -
-
, -
. ""
,
, , -
"":
, , - "-
". "-
" ""
. "Think-hearing" - ""
, " , -
". "oral", "-
" ,
, -
,
.
:
Deaf -
; Deaf
; Deaf - -
. " "
(
10% ): -
, " ", -
"".
-
Deaf , , ,
, , -
. "" -
, ..
. -
"",
. ( -
) -
,
. ,
,
, : "", "
", ,
,