4 :
1.
2.
3.
4.
, .. , - . , .
:
) ;
) ;
) , .. ;
) .
1.
(Yes) (No), : ? => , . / , .
: ? => , . . . :
1) , to be to have Present Past (Future 2));
2) , .
1) : to be / to have ( Present Past)
:
| to be to have | ... | ... | ...? | |
| ( ) | ( /) | ( ) |
Are you a worker? => ? Have you a car? => ?
:
| : | Yes, | , | to be to have ( ) |
? Are you a worker? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
? Have you a car? Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
? Is your mother here? Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.
? Has he any friends? No, he has not. / Yes, he has.
? Were they here yesterday? Yes, they were. / No, they were not.
- ? Had their friends any books? Yes, they had. / No, they hadn't.
: to have got (to have got) to do; 2); there + to be there , 2:
- ? =>Is there a book on the table? Yes, there is. / No, there is not (isn't).
2) : , 1)
:
| ( /) | ... | ...? | ||
| ( ) |
|
|
|
:
| : | Yes, | , | ( , ) |
| : | No, | , | ( , ) + not |
: , , :
Do you like her? Yes, I sometimes do. => ? , .
Will he call us tonight? Yes, he probably will. => ? , , .
Does your father meet you after lessons? No, he never does. => ? , .
: :
Do you like my room? => ?
Can your father help me? => ?
:
And will your very beautiful sister come tomorrow? => ?
Were any new facts found there? => - ?
Has the film about new materials been shown yet? => ?
:
Has this child been sleeping here long? => ?
Have they been shown our office yet? => ?
not ( ...? / ...?): Did you not call him? / ?
, ; ( ) not :
Didn't you call him? Haven't they been shown our office yet?
, ...?/...?, :
? = (. ) ? => Did you read this book?
, : ? , . / , .
Yes, No: ? Don't you like my house? Yes, I do. => , . No, I don't. => , .
there + to be Future :
| Will | there | be | ( /) | / |
Will there be a new film next week? ?
Will there be many people at the concert? ?
|
|
|
Active Indefinite to do (Present / Past) will (Future), a Infinitive to ( ):
Did you go there alone? ?
Does she ever call you? -?
Will they take us with them? ?
aaa to have to do:
Did you have to help them yesterday? ?
Does she have to wait here? ?
to have to do:
Do you have any money? - ?
Did you have a good rest? ?
to have got to have , a got :
Have you got some money? ?
Has she got anything against me? - ?
:
.
:
1. - ? Have you ever seen the rain?
Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. / No, I never have.
2. ? Is your mother sleeping?
Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.
3. ? Did their friends come here last time? Yes, they did. / No, they didn't.
4. ? Has the post come yet? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn't.
5. ? Will that house be built next month? Yes, it certainly will. / No, it won't. (won't (.) == will not)
6. ? Can't you help her? Yes, I can. => , . / No, I can't. => , .
7. ? Do you feel well? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
8. ? Is your house being built? Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.
9. ? Was there any water in that bottle? Yes, there was. / No, there wasn't.
10. ? Do you have to help your father? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
11. ? Have you got any money? Yes, I have. / No, I have not.
Have you any money? Yes, I have. / No, I have not. Do you have any money? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
12. ? Don't you speak English? Yes, I do. => , . / No, I don't. => , .
2.
, , . :
1) ( /);
2) .
1) .
, .. , ; .
:
who? => ?
what? => ?
:
| Who What | ... | ...? |
? Who helps you to do this work?
( ):
? . Who likes to play? Children.
:
whose? => ?
what? => ?
which? => ?
how much / how many? => ?
:
| ... | ...? |
? Whose children came?
|
|
|
:
what ?;which ? / ?:
() ? What books are interesting?
( , ) ? Which books are interesting?
how much => ? (, : //...):
() ? How much liquid was used?
how many => ? (, : / / /...):
() ? How many cigars have been smoked?
, , there + to be: () ? . What is there on the table? Books.
, , there , : There are books on the table. .
( ) + / , :
Who likes to play? Children (do). ? .
What helps you in your work? My good sense of humour (does). => ?. .
What books are interesting? These books (are). ? .
Which books are interesting? Those new books (are). ? , .
Whose children came? Our friends' children (did). ? .
How much liquid was used? One / A bottle. ? .
How many cigars have been smoked? About twenty. ? .
Who can cook? I can. ? ().
- one :
? => Which car is yours? That one. => .
? => What man can help you? A strong one. => ().
2) .
, , :
what? => ? / ?
who? => ?
whom? => ? / ? ( , who?)
whose? => ?
which? => ? / ?
when? => ?
where? => ? / ?
why? => ? / ?
how? => ? / ?
how many? => ? ()
how much? => ? ()
how long? => ? ( )
:
| / |
:
, , ;
:
When will your very beautiful sister come? => -?
:
How long has this child been sleeping here? => / ?
Active Indefinite to do (Present / Past) will (Future), Infinitive to:
|
|
|
Why did you go there alone? ?
to have to do:
Why does she have to wait here? ?
to have got to have , a got :
Why has she got something against me? - ?
(? / ? .);
, ( ) ( ):
? => Where are you from?
what? / which? ? , :
What drinks do they prefer? ?
Which book do you want? ( , ) ?
:
1. ? / ? What do you do?
2. ()? What are you doing?
3. ? Why couldn't you help us?
4. ? Where do you live?
5. ? How old are you? ( ; to be)
6. ? How old is your son?
7. ? How old was your father?
8. ()? Who will you go to the cinema with (tomorrow)? With whom will you go to the cinema (tomorrow)?
9. ( )? What are you?
10. ( )? Who are you?
11. ? How much money have you got? How much money have you? How much money do you have?
12. ? How many dollars did you pay him?
13. ? Who was your house built by? By whom was your house built?
14. ? What cigars do you like to smoke?
15. ? What must I do? What should I do? What shall I do?
16. ? What do you have to buy?
17. ? Where will they be sent?
18. ? => How long will it take you to do this work?
19. -? How long does it take a letter to get to New-York?
20. , ? How long did it take you to come here?
21. ? When did she come? 22. ? When shall I be allowed to see you?
23. ? What time is it? What is the time? Have you got the right time? ( )
24. / ? What have you bought this house for?Why did you buy this house?
25. ? What is / What's the weather like today? ( ; : " ?" , , , - )
26. ? What are the women like there?
27. ? What is the wine like in France?
3.
/ / / / .
. , r () , , :
Do you smoke or not? I do. / I do not. ? . / .
Are you sleeping or reading? I'm reading. / I'm not sleeping. / Neither. ? . / . / , .
Is she a student or a worker? Neither. ? , .
When will you come: tomorrow or the day after tomorrow? : ?
, , :
Do you or does your brother smoke these cigars? ? : Who smokes these cigars: you or your brother? : My brother does. / I do. / Neither (of us does).
|
|
|
, , :
: ? Whose children did it: ours or theirs?
: ? Which books are more interesting: these ones or those ones?
4.
, ? / ?, , : + ?
:
1) ;
2) .
1) .
:
| , | / + not | , |
You are a student, aren't you? / (: are you not?) , ?
She will come tomorrow, won't she? / will she not? , ?
They were sleeping, weren't they? / were they not? , ?
I am a beautiful girl, aren't I? / am I not? , ?
l am a good boy, am I not? / aren't I? , ?
Your friend can help us, cannot/can't he? , ?
You have come alone, haven't you? , ?
Your students have been seen together, haven't they? , ?
2) .
| :1 | ||
| , | / | , |
There is not any / no water in the bottle, is there? , ?
They won't be able to help us, will they? , ?
My friends didn't have to do it, did they? , ?
You are not sleeping, are you? , ?
, :
You are a student, aren't you? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
She will come tomorrow, won't she? Yes, she will. / No, she won't.
I am a beautiful girl, aren't I / am I not? Yes, you are. / No, you are not.
There is not any water in the bottle, is there? Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. => , . / , .
They won't be able to help us, will they? Yes, they will. / No, they won't. => , . / , .
2
( 2 I II , !!!)
( 2 )
1. Great Britain - , .
2. Great Britain .
3. Great Britain of . of .
4. Great Britain , .
5. Great Britain , . , (, , , , ).
6. Great Britain . - .
7. - 1-15.
8. ( , ).
GREAT BRITAIN
The British Isles lying off the north-western coast of the continent of Europe are composed of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and a number of small islands. The official title of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom includes England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. England, the southern and central part of the island, forms the main part of the entire country. Wales lies on the mountainous peninsula in the west. Politically Wales is a part of England and has no independent government. Scotland is in the northern part of the island. Its original inhabitants are of Celtic origin. In the past Scotland was an independent kingdom and up to the present time maintains certain autonomy. Northern Ireland is a part of the United Kingdom as an autonomous region with its own Parliament. Great Britain is surrounded by water. It has an insular climate. The summers are cooler and the winters are warmer than in central Europe. The warm Gulf Stream washes the coasts of the British Isles and gives the country a mild climate. The climate on the continent is not so mild as that of England. The best season is spring. In the lovely month of May the weather is the finest. The insular climate is also moister than the continental climate. It rains very often in England. In London, for instance, it rains more than a hundred and eighty days in the year, and in winter the brown London fog comes very often. The London fog as thick as pea soup is an extraordinary thing.
Questions:
1. What parts does Great Britain consist of?
2. What are the main islands of Great Britain?
3. Which season is the best in England?
4. Does it often rain in England?
Notes
insular
the Gulf Stream
"as thick as pea soup" ,
