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:

pq pq p q p q q p q p p q p q pq p p Δ + Δ =Σ ⋅ −Σ ⋅ +Σ ⋅ −Σ ⋅ =Σ ⋅ −Σ ⋅ = Δ 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0.

p q Δpq = Δpq + Δpq.

, Δpq = 11000 . .;

Δ = 4900 p pq . .;

Δ = 6100 q pq . . 4900+6100=11000 . .

11 .

., 4900 . . 6100 .

. .

,

,

( , ,

), .

,

,

.

:

,

.

.

,

.

,

,

q i.

Σ

Σ

=

0 0

1 0

Q p

Q p

Iq,

q i.

,

q

i q q = 1 0 q i q q = ⋅;

0 0

0 0

Σ

Σ

⋅ ⋅

=

Q p

I q p

I q

Q,

q i - , 0 0 p ⋅ q - .

.

,

()

. ,

.

.

Δ =Σ ⋅ ⋅ −Σ ⋅ 0 0 0 0 pq i p q q p q q.

.

( , )

, % ( 9.2.).

.

9.2.

.

, .

.

, %

q

i q q = 0 0 i p q q ⋅ ⋅

24000 +10 1,1 26400

40000 +5 1,05 42000

15000 -20 0,8 12000

Σ 79000 - - 80400

9.2

: 1,1

100 10 =

+

=

QA i;

1,05

100 5 =

+

=

QB i;

0,8

100 20 =

=

Q i.

1,018

0 0

0 0 = =

⋅ ⋅

= Σ

Σ

Q p

I q p

I q

q, -

1,8%,

Δ = 80400 − 79000 =1400 q pq . .

.

. ,

q i ( ),

1 1 q ⋅ p.

:

Σ

Σ

=

0 1

1 1

Q p

Q p

Iq,





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