t:=a[i];
a[i]:=a[j];
a[j]:=t;
end;
for i:=1 to N do
StringGrid2.Cells[i-1,0]:=IntToStr(a[i]);
FreeMem(a,N*sizeof(integer));
end;
end.
5.4.
). . 4.6 .
). . . . StringGrid1. , , StringGrid2, Edit1.
1. , . .
2. , . : , , .
3. , . , .
4. , . (.. ).
5. , . k .
6. , . n .
7. , . : , , , , .
8. X Y Z , .
9. , . , , .. .
10. . , .
11. X (.. , : xi >xj i<j).
12. . , .
13. , . .
14. , . .
15. , . .
6.
: DELPHI . , UNIT .
6.1.
, .
.
|
|
|
:
Procedure < > ([
]);
Const [ ];
Type [ ];
Var [ ];
Begin
//
End;
: < > ([ ]);
, :
Function < > ([
]): < >;
Const [ ];
Type [ ];
Var [ ];
Begin
//
Result:= ;// Result
// < >:= ;
End; //
: y:=< > ([ ]);
. :
Type <> = function ([ ]):< ->;
Type <> = procedure ([ ]);.
. . , . : -, -, -. -. - , , . - -. - ( Var) - ( const) ( ) . , -. - , .. . , -.
6.2.
, , , . .1.2 : , , , ( ).
Unit , . Uses .
interface implementation , .
implementation , . , , , , .
|
|
|
initialization , ( ).
finalization ( ).
6.3.
: , . 
.
. 6.1
6.3.1.
Delphi , . File New Unit. Unit Unit2. , , Unit Matfu. ( Matfu.pas). , .
6.3.2.
, Project Add to Project , . Uses MatFu. , .
(. 6.1).
( 6.1) ( 6.2) ( . . 3.3).
6.1
unit matfu;
Interface
uses StdCtrls, SysUtils;
Type
fun = function (x: extended):extended; //
{ f ( )}
procedure Tabl(f:fun;xn,xk:extended; m: word; Mem1: TMemo);
Implementation
procedure Tabl;
var x,y,h: extended;
i: integer;
Begin
x:=xn; h:=(xn-xk)/m;
for i:=1 to m+1 do begin
y:=f(x);
Mem1.Lines.Add(' x='+FloatToStrf(x,fffixed,8,3)+
' y='+FloatToStrf(y,fffixed,8,3));
x:=x+h;
end;
end;
end. // matfu
6.2
unit Unit6;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs, StdCtrls, Buttons, ExtCtrls, Matfu;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
Label1: TLabel;
Label2: TLabel;
Label3: TLabel;
Label4: TLabel;
Edit1: TEdit;
Edit2: TEdit;
Edit3: TEdit;
Edit4: TEdit;
RadioGroup1: TRadioGroup;
Memo1: TMemo;
BitBtn1: TBitBtn;
BitBtn2: TBitBtn;
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure BitBtn1Click(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
end;
var
Form1: TForm1;
xn,xk,e: extended;
m: word;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
function sx(x:extended):extended;
var a,n,s: extended;
k: integer;
begin
k:=-1; a:=1; n:=0; s:=1;
try
while (abs(a) > e) do begin
n:=n+1;
a:=-a*x/n;
s:=s+a;
end;
Result:=s;
except
on EInvalidOp do
k:=MessageDlg(' . +
?',mtError,[mbYes,mbNo],0);
on EOverFlow do
k:=MessageDlg(' - +
! ?',mtError,[mbYes,mbNo],0);
else
k:=MessageDlg(' !+
?',mtError,[mbYes,mbNo],0);
end;
case k of
mrYes: Result:=0;
mrNo: Halt(1);
end;
end;
function yx(x:extended):extended;
begin
Result:=exp(-x);
end;
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
Memo1.Clear;
RadioGroup1.ItemIndex:=0;
Edit1.Text:='0';
Edit2.Text:='2';
|
|
|
Edit3.Text:='6';
Edit4.Text:='0,001';
end;
procedure TForm1.BitBtn1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
Memo1.Clear;
Memo1.Lines.Add('. . 6 . . 552003 ..');
xn:=StrToFloat(Edit1.Text);
Memo1.Lines.Add(' xn='+FloatToStrF(xn,ffFixed,6,2));
xk:=StrToFloat(Edit2.Text);
Memo1.Lines.Add(' xk='+FloatToStrF(xk,ffFixed,6,2));
m:=StrToInt(Edit3.Text);
Memo1.Lines.Add(' h='+IntToStr(m));
e:=StrToFloat(Edit4.Text);
Memo1.Lines.Add(' e='+FloatToStrF(e,ffFixed,8,5));
case RadioGroup1.ItemIndex of
0: begin
Memo1.Lines.Add(' S(x)');
Tabl(sx,xn,xk,m,Memo1);
end;
1: begin
Memo1.Lines.Add(' Y(x)');
Tabl(yx,xn,xk,m,Memo1);
end;
end;
end;
end.
6.4.
, 3. .
7. C . .
: . .
7.1.
, . R -
, p . p. p . 
09, 
A, B, C, D, E, F 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.
: , . , . .
, .
, , 
, . , . , , .
. 
, . .
7.2
, .
set of:
type < >= set of < >;
var A,B,C: ;
< > - Word, Integer, Longint, .. (, , char, byte, boolean).
-: [i1, i2, , ik], ik .
7.2.1
, , .
Include (S, i); - S i, ;
Exclude (S, i); - S i, .
, s:=s+[i]; s:=s-[i];
|
|
|
c=d true ;
c< > d true ;
c>=d true d ;
c<=d true d;
i in c true i .
7.2.2
1. n :
......
Var A:set of char;
s:char;
n:Word;
Begin
A:=[ ]; //
for i:=1 to n do begin
read(s);
A:=A+[s];
end;
end.
2. :
......
Var B:set of 1..100;
k:byte;
Begin
for k:=1 to 100 do if k in B then Write(k);
......
end.
3. if:
if (k=5) or (k=1) or (k=8) then.... :
if k in [5,1,8] then....
7.3.
:
Var
s1: String[N]; // , N £ 255
s2: ShortString; // , N = 255
s3: String; // , N £ 2
s4: WideString; //
s5: PChar; // -
. String[N] nt (0≤nt≤255) . String[N] N+1 . s1[0] . ShortString String[255].
String. , String[N] () . .
WideString. , OLE-. String , , .
- PChar. , #0. . - API- Windows (API Application Program Interface ).
, : s[i]:=s[j].
: , (s:=s1+ fg+s2), (>, ³, =, <, ≤). , (, , ) .
7.4
:
Delete(St:String; pz,n:integer); - n pz.
Insert(St,St1;string;pz:integer); - St St1 pz.
:
St:=Copy(St1,pz,n); - St1 St n pz, St1 .
N:=Length(St); - .
pz:=pos(St,St1); - , St1 St, St1 St pz=0.
1.
7.5
: . . Enter.
(. 7.1).
. 7.1
7.1.
7.1.
unit Unit7;
Interface
Uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls,
Forms, Dialogs, StdCtrls;
Type
TForm1 = class (TForm)
Edit1: TEdit;
Label2: TLabel;
Edit2: TEdit;
Label1: TLabel;
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure Edit1KeyPress(Sender: TObject; var Key: Char);
private { Private declarations }
public { Public declarations }
end;
var Form1: TForm1;
Implementation
{$R *.dfm}
Function Krz(St:string):Word; // - x
Var a: set of char;
m,i: Word;
Begin
m:=0; a:=[];
for i:=1 to Length(St do
