- . . - , .. .
- , , m 0 , = const, υc= .
, , , , , . . .
, N , . , .
f (υ), . , dv, dΝ (v), , . f (v) , v υ+dυ, ..
=f (υ) dυ,
f (υ)= .
, f (υ) :
f (υ) =4π υ2 . (8.1)
(8.1) , ( m 0 ) ( T). (8.1) .8.1.
.8.1
v , υ 2, , υ . υ.
dΝ (υ) /Ν, υ υ+dυ, . , , 1. , f (υ) .
, , υ. , (8.1) ( ) υ, f (υ):
|
|
.
υ =0 υ = ∞ (8.1), υ, , υ:
υ = = . (8.2)
(8.2) ,
( ). , , , .
<υ > ( )
υ c = .
f (υ) , :
υ= = . (8.3)
, :
υ = ,
υ= ,
υc= .
dN(υ)= N f(υ) = N 4π υ 2 (8.4)
w. υ wk = . (8.4) v = dυ =(2 m 0 wk)-1/2 dwk, :
dN (w)= = Nf (wk) dwk,
dN (wk) - , , wk wk+dwk.
,
f(wk)= .
:
w = = = kT,
. . , (7.18).