, . (17771855) , .
(79.3) r, Q, (. 124),
. 124
. , (. 124) , , , .
(. 125), , .
. 125
, , , , . , , , , , .
, , Q, Q/e0, . .
(81.1)
Q.
, n . (80.2) , , , , : .
(81.1), , , Qi/e0. ,
(81.2)
(81.2) : , e0. . . (18011862), . .
p = dQ/dV, . , S, V,
(81.3)
(81.3), (81.2) :