, : , V . , ,
.
. (17991864) , -. V1, p1 T1. 2, V2, 2(. 63). 1 2 : 1) ( 1 1¢, 2) ( 1¢ - 2).
. 63
(41.1) - (41.5) :
(42.1) (42.2)
(42.1) (42.2) p¢1,
1 2 , pV/T , . .
(42.3)
(42.3) , , .
. . (18341907) , (42.3) , Vm. , Vm, B . R .
(42.4)
, , .
(42.4), , (0= 1,013×105 , T0 = 273,15 , Vm = 22,41×10-3 /): R = 8,31 /(×).
(42.4) . Vm, m V= (/)× Vm, ( ). (/).
(42.5)
v=m/M .
, :
(42.4)
NA/Vm = n ( ). ,
(42.6)
, ( ). . , 1 3 , *:
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