|
The Meanings and Formation
I. ³
II. ,
| THE PAST
| THE PRESENT вͲ
| THE FUTURE Ͳ
| 1. SIMPLE
-
| , , '
| , ,
| , ,
| Markers
| yesterday =,
last year =.
5. ago= 5 .
in 1999= 1999 .
| often =, rar=, usually=, sometimes=
| tomorrow=,
next week=Hacmyn
,
in two days= 2
| Formation
| + S + Ved
? Did+S+ Vinf
- S+did+not+Vinf
| + S+ Vinf (-s,-es)
? Do/Does +S+Vinf
-S+do/does + not +Vjnf
| +S+shall/will +Vinf
? Shall/will +S+Vinf
S+ shall/will+not+Vinf Note: shall+not= shan't will+not= won't
| e.g.
| He playedfootball an hour ago.
³ .
| He often playsfootball. ³ .
| He will playfootball
tomorrow.
³
.
| 2.PROGRES-SIVE/CON-
| ,
| ,
| ,
| TINUOUS
= -
| ,
| ,
|
,
| Markers
| at 7 p.m. esterday=
...;
from 7 till 9 yesterday
= ... do...
| now=
at the moment=
| at 9 tomorrow=
9;
from 9 till 2 = 9- 2- .;
|
| : ...
|
| :
...
| Formation
-
| +S+was/were+ Ving?Was/were+S+Ving?
| +S+am/is/are+ Ving ?Am/Is/Are+S+Ving?
| +S+shall/will be +Ving ?ShaII/Will+S+ be+
|
| -S+was/were+not+Ving
| -S+am/is/are+not+ V
| Ving-
-S+shall/will+not+be+Ving
| e.g.
| He was playingfootball from 10 till 12 yesterday (when they came). ³ ... ....( )
| He is playingfootball
now.
³
.
| He'll be playingfootball
from 10 till 11 tomorrow
(when you come).
³
... ....(
)
| . ³
..
| THE PAST
| THE PRESENT вͲ
| THE FUTURE Ͳ
| 3. PERFECT
= --
| , .
: by , 䳺
| , (), ' . 䳿, .
| , . : by+, 䳺 .
| Markers
| Already =, yet=
;
by + - ...
| Already = ; yet= e; ever/never= - /;lately/ recently = ; just= ;this week /year... = /...
| already= , yet= ; b+ = ....
| Formation
| + S+had+ Ved
? Had+S+ Ved?
- S+had+not+Ved
| +S+have/has+Ved?Have/has+S+Ved?
-S+have/has +not+Ved
| +S+shalI/will+have+Ved
? Shall/Will+S+ have
|
| -. S +had+not+Ved
| +ved
- S+shall/will+not+have
+ved
| e.g.
| They had played football by 5yesterday. 5- .
| They have played footballalready. .
| They will have played footballby 5 tomorrow. 5- .
| 4. PERFECT PROGRESSIVE/CONTINUOUS
-= - -
| , ,
| , , (
).
| , ,
.
| Markers
| for... since... =3...
| for... = ; since... =...; how lg -
since /when=3
| for... = ; since... =...; how long= ,
since when=3
| Formation
| +S+had been+Ving
?Had+S+been+Ving
-S+had+not+ been+Ving
| +S+have/has +been+ Ving?Have/Has+S+been +Ving
-S+have/has+not+ been+Ving
| +S+shall/will+have been+ Ving
?ShaIl/Will+S+have been+Ving?
-S+shall/wiII+not+have+
been +Vins
| e.g.
| He had been playing
football for 2 hours before he got tired. ³ 2 , .
| He has been playing
football for an hour
already.
³
| He willbe playingfootball for 2 hours before he gets tired. He will be playingfootball for 2 hours before he gets tired. ³ 2 , .
|
: 2016-11-20; !; : 241 | :
:
, . ==> ... 1361 - | 1218 -
© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - - |