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kind of activity going on (the building of hunting cabins, roads, etc); leopards then leave their home ranges. So the disturbance factor is quite important for tliis very reclusive animal. But the conduct of leopards can change if they live near deer herds. These animals get used to easy prey, they begin to have conflicts with humans, and, as a rule, they perish.
1.4.2 Biological Characteristics and Behaviour, and Particularities of a Leopard's Habitat that Contribute to the Population's Survival
The leopard is not extremely particular in its choice of food, and among its prey can be found almost all available vertebrates, which significantly increases its chances for survival.
Most often the leopard preys on the sika and roe deer, but it is capable of killing an adult red deer or a wild boar as well. Racoon dogs, badger, hare and pheasant also make up a significant portion of the leopard's diet, and it also eats rodents and even fresh-water crabs. The leopard can also eat frozen meat and half-decayed animal carcasses, or scavenge among the animal graveyards of the deer herds. The leopard uses much more of its prey than the tiger; it returns many times to the remains, even if it is frightened away, and it hides the remains of its food from scavenging birds.
Hie leopard does not have seasonal mating rituals mating and birth can occur at any time of year.
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The leopard habitats in the south-western part of Primorski Krai have always been characterized by a high density of the ungulate population, especially roe and sika deer, and wild boar. The seasonal migration of roe deer through the area provided food for resident leopards in the winter period.
The line of engineering structures along the border with China has played a definite positive role in the retention of the leopard's food resources in the area the leopard can overcome the barriers, but the ungulates cannot.
Tliis prevents the ungulates from leaving Russia for China, where there is a very small population. The results of studies in the Jilin Province (China) in Feb-April 1998 confirmed that the numbers and assortment of ungulates is analogous to that in Russia only
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