Y , Y; X - () , ; Z , .
Y 1 U(t) 1 (1 >1 () 1 <1 ()); , >1 .
, Ui Y :
Uyi = K 1··Ui
Y () , Y , hy:
ly = hy·Uyi = hy· K 1··Ui
, Ui ly, Ui
h K .
/ ( /.).
1, Y, ( 1 , ~) ( 1 , ~). ~ U(t) 1, ~ 1 U 1(t). (. 1.6) :
,
U 0 (t) U(t), , Um .
X () t0 ( )
1.6 1
(, X), (), () c t0 U(t) (. 1.7).
(t 0 t 1) U (t) υ x, .
1.7 -
, .
X X , Ux (t) lx c h.
, .
hx . ti, , :
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, .
/ /.
2 X. ~ ~ . 4 t0 (. 1.8).
X Y.
z Z , Ux X.
1.8
. - , , /.
/.. .
UM = const TM = const (. 1.9).
Y , U . , ,
U |
U |
U 0=0 |
t |
T |
1.9 ()
/. /. .
. X U(t), Y. 2 ..
U(t) (. 1.10 ) Y. /. , ( ). , . , .
U(t) -, U(t), +, U(t). 4 ( . 1.10, +). t01 /.. t 01 t 1. () t 1 . () t 02 ..
, + -, /. /., .
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1.10 .
, + , /. /., .
/. , , U(t) .
/. , , .
. 1.11 .
1.11 .
.
- , , . . Y . t , , (. 1.12, . 1.13). (, ).
1.12 ,
. 2 .. . ..
( ), , x /..
Y , .
( 2 ) . X 50 , .