.
1. . . , : )2 )3.
2. , . n=4?
3. , :
) 4d ;
) 4 .
4. : ) 5s, ) 5, ) 5d?
5. ? 4s- ?
6. , ? ?
7. ? ? .
8. . .
.
9. ? . .
1
| 1. . | 33 2d5 4s2 | |
| 2. | ||
| 3. | HClO4, H2CO3, HCl K2S4, CaCO3, NH4Cl CS2, BF3, P2O5 | |
| 4. | SiF4, CH4, NH3 AlH3, NH3, SiH4 CaH2, PH3, SiCl4 | |
| 5. () | CF62- SiF62- FeF63- |
2
1.
2.
3.
4. sp3
5. ()
2s2
4d10
3p3
Fe, Si, C
, Fe, Si
C, Si, Fe
CCl4, NH3,CO
3, CH4, NH4+
H2O2, NO2, NH3
AlH3, SiH4, PH3
CH4, H2O, NH3
H2S, NH4+, BH3
B2
Be2
C2
3
1.
2.
|
|
|
3.
4. sp2_
5 ()
.
3s23p63d104s1
3s23p63d94s2
3s23p64s23d9
B,Be,C
Be,B,C
C,B,Be
HF, HCl, HI
Ge2, SiO 2, CO2
H2O, H2S, H2Se
NH3
CH4
H3
He2+
He2+2
He2
4
1. .
2.
3.
4.sp2 sp3-
5. ()
1s22s222
1s22s12p3
1s22s12p4
n,1
n, 1, m
n, 1, m, s
As, P, N
P, As, N
N, P, As
H2O, CH4
PH3, CCl 4
BH3, NH3
H2+
H2-
H22-
5
| 1. d- | ||
| 2. | Cl, Br, I I, Br, Cl Br, I, Cl | |
| 3. sp3 - | 2 NH4+ CO2 | |
| 4. | NH3, CH4 H2O, CO2 H2O2 , HF | |
| 5. () | B2 C2 N2 |
