Internet - (packet-switching network), .. (message), (, ), (packets), (frames), ( - 1536 ) . , . :
Source address - ( ) , .
Destination address - ( ) , .
Packet Number - .
Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) - , . - , ( ) - (retry) .
"" . -, , .. . , . -, - , , . - (acknowledge) .
. / (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol - TCP/IP). , internet . Internet. , , Transmission Control Protocol (disassembly) - (assembly) -. TCP-. , Internet Protocol -.
, TCP/IP , , . . : Wintel ( Intel Windows), Macintosh ( Apple Computer) UNIX-. 98% Wintel.
|
|
Internet , . ( , , ). -, , . , , -.
, , . , . , - , .
.
Internet , . , (login name) (user name), (password). .
. , . , , .. , . ( 4 ).
. 56 /, .
, , . DSL- (Digital Subscriber Line - ) . xDSL, DSL. , . , . DSL , . xDSL . , . , Web- , . , ,
|
|
ADSL (Asymmetrical DSL), DSL, , . , .
ADSL: ( ), ( ADSL ). ADSL: . .
ADSL- ADSL-, . , ADSL-. , . , , .
. , - DSLAM. DSLAM .
DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) , , DSL- .
ADSL - . , . , .
, . ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) - . ISDN- . , , - . . ISDN . ISDN- . ISDN .
. , , ; , . .
. , . , / ( ). , . . .
|
|
. : . .
: , ( ), , , , .
. , , ASDL-. : .
. , , .
, . . , , . , , , .
, . . . , . , , . , , .