■ . 14-5. . , (1984) *, .
, , (Trimble, 1993). , , , , , (Amato, 1990; Clary & Snyder, 1991, 1993; Omoto & others, 1993). , , , .
(Peter Benson & others, 1980) , , , , . 12% , (1984) , 46% , , , , 22% (. 14-5). (Colasanto, 1989), , , , 28% ; , , , 50%. , 37% 76% , (Wuthnow, 1994).
, : , . 1987 , , , , 1,1% (Hodginson & others, 1990). ,