, . : , , , , , , , , , .
. [7].
, . :
;
, /;
, /, () ;
, / /;
/ , .
, , , . , , .
:
( ) , (ReferenceModel), , ;
, ( ), PAS , ;
, , (, OSI-, API-), .. , , , ( , .. F-);
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OSE- (), () , , ;
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. , , , . ( , ):
1. (Basic Reference Model for Open Systems Interconnection RM-OSI) [ISO 7498:1984, Information processing systems Open Systems Interconnection, Basic Reference Model, ITU-T Rec. X.200 (1994)].
2. POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface for Computer Environments RM API) [ISO/IEC DTR 14252, Portable Operating System Interface for Computer Environments - POSIX-IEEE, P1003.0, Draft Guide to the POSIX Open System Environment, February 1995].
3. (Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing - RM-ODP) [ITU-T Rec. 902|ISO/IEC 10746-2:1995, Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing].
4. (Reference Model for Data Management- RM DF) [DIS 9075:1992, Information technology -Reference Model for Data Management].
5. (Reference Model of Computer Graphics- RM CG) [ISO/IEC 11072:1992, Information Technology. Computer Graphics Computer Graphics Reference Model].
6. (Text and Office Systems Reference Model) [ISO/IEC TRTOSM-1, Information technology. Text and office systems reference model Part 1. Basic reference model].
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7. [ISO/IEC 10031/1:1991, Information technology Text communication Distributed-office-applications model Part 1. General model].
:
(Coformality , ) , ;
(Generic Security Frameworks);
OSI- (Quality of Service for OSI).