, 45 , , , .
:
.
30-40 %.
5 - 10%
R , .
, .
R = / | (2.15) |
-
R () , .
,
1.=0
2. = 0.2
3.= 0.4
4. = 0.6
5. = 0.8
6. = 1.0
7. = 1.2
8. = 1.6
9. = 1.8
10. = 2.0
.
.
, . < , .
, , .
, , 0.5
. , .
.
1) 0.6
2) , 2-3 , 10 .
3) . +40˚, +70˚ 1.5% .
4) , .
5) .