( PC personal computer) x86-64. , , , , . - () : () . - .
, . , , , . :
- (tower ), : baby-tower, mini-tower, midi-tower, big-tower;
- (desktop), : small-footprint, slimline, (ultra) superslimline.
(. 4.3):
- ( ) (motherboard) , ;
- ;
- ().
. 4.3.
. 100150 (slim) 300330 (big tower), 500 800 .
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- Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC);
- Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC).
Intel, IBM- , CISC, Motorola, Apple , RISC. .
CISC- (), . , , . .
RISC- , . . RISC- , , ( ) , .
, Intel AMD (Advanced Micro Devices). , . .
Intel Core i7 Intel Core i7-3970X Processor Extreme Edition. ( 2012 .) :
- 3,5 ( Turbo Boost 4,0) ;
- ( Smart Cache) 15 ;
- 64 ;
- 52,5 45 ;
- 2,27 .;
- FCLGA2011;
- Hyper-Threading () ( ), 12 ;
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- VT (Virtualization Technology) ;
- Turbo Boost ( );
- SpeedStep .
AMD ʻ AMD FX 8350 (8-Core Black Edition), Intel . AMD 10% Intel. Intel, AMD, .
(, RAM Random Access Memory) ( , ) . , .. , . . , , .. .
, : , DRAM (Dynamic RAM), , SRAM (Static RAM). , , . () . , , . - , . , 2561024 , 256512 . , . .
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-, . , , (L1-cache). , , . . 128 . - , , . , , , . , , 100 % -.
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PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect ) . , , . 33 132 /. 66 264 / 32- 528 / 64- ( 66,66 533 /). plug-and-play, . PCI , , ( ISA, ).
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PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) , PCI.
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) , , . /, . 2112 /. , PCI Express.
PCI Express, , . PCI, , PCI Express , , - . 250 /. , 0,5 / ( PCI Express 2.0 1 /) . , , .. . , PCI Express 2.0 ´32 32 /.
() ( ) . , ( ), (), -, - . , ( ), (Chipsets). ( ).