. . , 200 500 . . - , , .
, , a , . . 3.
, . , 271 , . , , .
16.2. , AB0 (Laughlin, 1950*) | |||
, % | |||
IA | IB | I0 | |
, ( ) | |||
( ) | |||
( ) |
, , . IA 2740% (. 16.2). IA , . , IA 9% (. 16.2). I0 (Laughlin, 1950*).
: , , (Birdsell, 1950; Glass et al., 1952; Dunn, Dunn, 1957; Nei, Imaizumi, 1966*).
|
|
XVIII ., a . , , . ; 90 . , (Glass et al., 1952*).
16.3. , AB0 , (Glass et al., 1952*) | |||
, % | |||
IA | IB | I0 | |
. 16.3 I . , . , , ; IA , a IB . , . , (Glass et al., 1952*).
I . II II IAI0. I . , , , .
, , . . ?
, , -, . , , , (Fisher, Ford, 1947; Ford, 1955; 1964; 1971; Mayr, 1963*). , . , , , .
|
|
(Mayr, 1942; 1954; 1963; 1970*) , . (Mayr, 1963*). (Mayr, 1954; 1963*) , . (, Dobzhansky, Spassky, 1962; Grant, 1963*) , .
, , , . , , , . , , , . , ( ) . . , . , , , .