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, . , , ( PMI) , , ; , . TANKAN .

, - , . , , .., , - ( ) . - - , .

(diffusion index) , " : , , , , .."; : "", "", " ".

DI = (% "") + 0,5 *(% " ");

, , PMI TANKAN. , : - (expansion) (recession), a (recovery). , , ( ).

, 1991 . PMI 1998 , 350 : (output), (new orders), (employment), (supplier's delivery times), (stocks of goods purchases). 1999 PMI -, 11 (EU PMI). ( 34 000 ) PMI NAPM (National Association of Purchasing Managers), 1931 ; , , 300 .

Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI), NAPM. NAPN PMI, , - ( "higher), (lower), (unchanged) :

- (employment),

- (commodity prices),

- (vendor deliveries),

- (production),

- (inventories),

- (new orders from customers),

- (new export and import orders),

- (order backlogs, 1993 .).

( "higher unchanged), , PMI; 1994 PMI :

PMI = 0,30 DI(new orders) + 0,25 DI(production) +

0,20 DI(employment) + + 0,15 DI(deliveries) + 0,10 DI(inventories)

PMI. PMI - . :

- ;

- 50% - ;

- 44% - .

PMI , . , PMI, , , . 40- , PMI 7 - 3 .

. 14.2. N I

PMI 50 , 44 . , PMI , 35, 4 44, . , PMI ( ), ( , 82% , - ).

PMI . , 1980-1992 .. , PMI (IP - industrial production) :

IP = 0,52 PMI[-2] - 23,4;

, , PMI = 45,9 (1=0). PMI :

GDP = 0,317 PMI[-1] - 13,9.

, Dl(prices) .

, , , [0,100]. , , , NPR (net percentage rising), "higher lower, DI

NPR = 2 (DI - 50).

PMI . - TANKAN - . , , , - , , . TANKAN .

, , , PMI .

 

 





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